Wednesday, March 18, 2020

11 High Paying Jobs That Dont Require a College Degree

11 High Paying Jobs That Dont Require a College Degree we don’t all have the luxury of going straight to college or university after high school. but if you can’t (or shouldn’t, for personal reasons) go to college right away, you don’t have to settle for low-paying work. here are 11 high-paying  jobs that don’t require a college degree.real estate brokeryou will need to acquire a license, but you can apply for your first position with just a high school diploma. you may have to log a lot of evening, weekend, and holiday hours to start, and you might not generate income for a while. but when you get your stride, you can make over $180k per year. it’s a competitive field, and the low range of the salary field is just over $30k per year. but if you have the talent, luck, and dedication, you could thrive.air traffic controllerbecause the job is incredibly stressful and the stakes (and responsibilities) are high, this is a very high paying position. an average of just under $159k annually. thereâ₠¬â„¢s a lot of pre-employment screening to get through, but it pays handsomely.small business ownerif you have the capacity to start your own business, and the wherewithal to get through the difficult early stages (and, importantly, you have a valuable product or service to offer the market), this could be a good option for you. set your own hours, write off many expenses on your taxes, and make as much as you possibly can. the sky’s the limit.fire chiefyou’ll have to work your way through the ranks of this challenging and physically demanding career, but if you’re comfortable with high risk and lots of time away from home, then you could succeed in scaling the ladder to be chief. the salary range is approximately $42k to $119k per year.construction managerif you like working construction, you don’t have to worry about switching careers to something better. construction companies often promote from within. if you truly like the work, you could consider st icking it out and working your way up the ranks to management. expect to make anywhere from $41k to $131k per year.plumberlearn this trade through apprenticeships or technical school. it’s super high demand, and salaries can soar to over six figures very quickly.network/it manageras long as you’re up on the latest technology and talented with gadgets, networks, and computers, you can excel in this field. it’s stable work with good benefits and salaries ranging from $53k to $125k per year.hotel executive chefobviously, you’ll have to start at the bottom and work your way up. you’ll have to deal with impossibly long and grueling hours. but if you have the passion and the talent and can get to the executive level, you can easily make six figures.radiation therapistyou’ll need a two-year associate’s degree or a certificate in radiation therapy, but not a traditional four-year degree. you can make as much as $116 per year.court reporterif you can transcribe 250 words per minute, and spell, and have absolute and precise attention to detail, then you can make anywhere between $29k and $104k. you’ll have to take some training classes in transcription, as well as pass some stringent background checks, but it could well be worth it.pilotif all of these jobs sound good, but just not glamorous enough for you (and you have perfect eyesight), then you might consider becoming a pilot. the average salary is $110k per year, but many pilots, depending on their training, experience, and license, can make over twice that.if you’re willing to work hard and dedicate yourself to excellence in your chosen career, then you can easily make six figures without a traditional degree.

Monday, March 2, 2020

The 5 Parts of Gaul

The 5 Parts of Gaul According to Julius  Caesar, ​Gaul was divided into three parts. Borders changed and not all ancient writers on the topic of Gaul are consistent, but it is probably more accurate for us to say all Gaul was divided into five parts, and Caesar knew them. Gaul was mostly north of the Italian Alps, the Pyrenees, and the Mediterranean Sea. To the east of Gaul lived Germanic tribes. To the west was what is now the English Channel (La Manche) and the Atlantic Ocean. Julius Ceasar and the Gauls When in the mid-first century B.C., Julius Caesar starts his book on the wars between Rome and the Gauls, he writes about these relatively unknown peoples: Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur.All Gaul is divided into three parts, in one of which the Belgae live, in another, the Aquitaines, and in the third, the Celts (in their own language), [but] called the Galli [Gauls] in ours [Latin]. These three Gauls were in addition to the two Rome already knew very well. Cisalpine Gaul The Gauls on the Italian side of the Alps (Cisalpine Gaul) or Gallia Citerior Nearer Gaul lay north of the Rubicon River. The name Cisalpine Gaul was in use until around the time of Caesars assassination. It was also known as Gallia Togata because there were so many toga-clad Romans living there. Part of the area of Cisalpine Gaul was known as Transpadine Gaul because it lay north of the Padus (Po) river. The area was also referred to simply as Gallia, but that was before extensive Roman contact with the Gauls north of the Alps. According to the ancient historian, Livy (who hailed from Cisalpine Gaul), over-population-driven migration into the Italic peninsula came early on in Roman history, at the time Rome was ruled by its first Etruscan king, Tarquinius Priscus. Led by Bellovesus, the Gallic tribe of Insubres defeated the Etruscans in the plains around the Po River and settled in the area of modern Milan. There were other waves of martial Gauls- Cenomani, Libui, Salui, Boii, Lingones, and Senones. Senones Defeats the Romans In around 390 B.C., Senones- living in what was later called the ager Gallicus (Gallic field) strip along the Adriatic, led by Brennus- defeated the Romans at the banks of the Allia  before capturing the city of Rome and besieging the Capitol. They were persuaded to leave with a hefty payment of gold. About a century later, Rome defeated the Gauls and their Italian allies, the Samnites, as well as Etruscans and Umbrians, on Gallic territory. In 283, the Romans defeated the Galli Senones and established their first Gallic colony (Sena). In 269, they set up another colony, Ariminum. It wasnt until 223 that the Romans crossed the Po to battle successfully against the Gallic Insubres. In 218, Rome established two new Gallic colonies: Placentia to the south of the Po, and Cremona. It was these disaffected Italian Gauls that Hannibal hoped would help with his efforts to defeat Rome. Transalpine Gaul The second area of Gaul was the area beyond the Alps. This was known as Transalpine Gaul or Gallia Ulterior Further Gaul and Gallia Comata Long-haired Gaul. Ulterior Gaul sometimes refers specifically to the Provincia the Province, which is the southern section and is sometimes called Gallia Braccata for the trousers worn by inhabitants. Later it was called Gallia Narbonensis. Transalpine Gaul lay along the northern side of the alps across the Mediterranean coastline to the Pyrenees. Transalpine Gaul features the major cities of Vienna (Isà ¨re), Lyon, Arles, Marseilles, and Narbonne. It was important for Roman interests in Hispania (Spain and Portugal) because it allowed land access to the Iberian peninsula. The Many  Gauls When Caesar describes Gaul in his commentaries on the Gallic Wars, he starts by stating that all Gaul is divided into three parts. These three parts are beyond the area from which Provincia the Province was created. Caesar lists Aquitaines, Belgians, and Celts. Caesar had gone into Gaul as proconsul of Cisalpine Gaul, but then acquired Transalpine Gaul, and then went further, into the three Gauls, ostensibly to help out the Aedui, an allied Gallic tribe, but by the Battle of Alesia at the end of the Gallic Wars (52 B.C.) he had conquered all of Gaul for Rome. Under Augustus, the area was known as Tres Galliae the Three Gauls. These areas were developed into provinces of the Roman Empire, with slightly different names. Instead of the Celtae, the third was Lugdunensis- Lugdunum being the Latin name for Lyon. The other two areas kept the name Caesar had applied to them, Aquitani and Belgae, but with different borders. Alpine Regions: Alpes MaritimaeRegnum CottiiAlpes GraiaeVallis Poenina Gaul Proper: NarbonensisAquitaniaLugdunensisBelgicaGermania inferiorGermania superior Sources Gallia Cisalpina  Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography  (1854) William Smith, LLD, Ed.The Beginnings of Rome, by T.J. Cornell (1995).Keatika: Being Prolegomena to a Study of the Dialects of Ancient GaulJoshua Whatmough   Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 55, (1944), pp. 1-85.